After Carlisle Indian School Training, 1886

The curriculum at Native American schools consisted of basic reading and writing along with training in domestic skills for girls and manual trades for boys. Discipline was strict, living conditions were often harsh, and physical and sexual abuse was frequent.

After Carlisle Indian School Training 1886

Education at boarding schools was intended to assimilate Native American children, like this group of Chiracahua Apaches at the Carlisle Indian School, into non-Indian society.

National Archives, Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer